南极普里兹湾表层沉积物中生物钡的含量与分布   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

谭赛章  于培松  扈传昱  韩正兵  张海生 《极地研究》2014,26(3):300-305

利用中国南极科学考察第21和27航次采集的普里兹湾表层沉积物样品,分析了其中BBa的含量及分布特征,并讨论了控制其分布的相关因素。结果表明:分别利用直接扣除法和分步萃取法获得的BBa含量差别较大,直接扣除法获得的含量明显高于分步萃取法,这是因为扣除法获得的BBa中包含了大量的非生源钡,比如与样品中含砂量有密切联系的铁锰氧化物结合态钡,从而导致在该海域采用直接扣除法缺乏合理性。分步萃取法获得表层沉积物中BBa含量为104—445μg·g-1,平均值为227μg·g-1,呈现明显的空间分布差异,整体分布趋势为湾中心区域较高,浅滩及冰缘区较低。表层沉积物样品中BBa的含量及分布与BSi、OC以及上层水体的叶绿素a和初级生产力情况密切相关,说明上层水体的生物生产状况是BBa分布的主要控制因素。  相似文献   

胶州湾沉积物中有机硫来源及成因机制的研究     

黄香利  朱茂旭  陈良进  李铁 《海洋学报》2014,36(6):50-57

有机硫是海洋沉积物中重要的硫形态,其中成岩有机硫对有机质保存和微量元素形态具有重要影响。利用化学提取及硫稳定同位素研究了胶州湾沉积物中碱可提取的腐殖酸硫(HA-S)、富里酸硫(FA-S)以及铬不可还原有机硫(non-CROS)的垂直分布、来源及形成机制。结果表明,non-CROS、HA-S以及FA-S的含量范围分别为19.1~52.6、3.35~7.82和27.3~38.6μmol/g,均处于其他许多近海沉积物中含量的低值区,且3者均为海洋生物有机硫和成岩有机硫的混合物。HA-S和nonCROS以海洋生物有机硫为主,其份数分别为65%~68%和67%~77%,而FA-S则以成岩有机硫为主(54%~73%)。相对于生物有机硫,成岩有机硫更易被碱和酸性Cr(Ⅱ)溶液提取,因此腐殖质硫和non-CROS都不能全面反映沉积物中有机硫的组成和来源。黄铁矿和腐殖质中成岩有机硫含量随深度的同步增加表明黄铁矿形成并未明显地竞争性抑制有机质硫化。  相似文献   

Distribution and sources of heavy metals in the sediment of Xiangshan Bay   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

SUN Weiping  YU Jianjun  XU Xiaoqun  ZHANG Weiyan  LIU Ruijuan  PAN Jianming 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(4):101-107

Heavy metals in the surface sediments and sediment core from the Xiangshan Bay, a mariculture base on the coast of the East China Sea, were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP–MS) in order to evaluate their levels and sources. The results showed that the levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr in the sediments of the bay have been generally influenced by anthropogenic inputs since the founding of the People's Republic of China. In particular, Cu and Zn were polluted to some extent, as evidenced by high enrichment factors. Organic matter, grain size, wastewater discharge, and low energy hydrodynamic environment played dominant roles in the heavy metal enrichment in the sediments. The ratio of terrigenous source to marine biogenic deposit of trace metals in the sediments was calculated, revealing that terrigenous inputs were the main source of Cu, Pb, and Zn, while biological pellets contributed much more to the enrichment of Cr and Cd. Considering the influence of biological sources on the enrichment of Cd and Cr, and the fact that the sediment has been polluted by Cu and Zn, the development of mariculture and discharge of wastewater into the Bay should be restricted.  相似文献   

内湾沉积物生物硅化学测定法的实验条件探讨     

杨丹  沈奕红  姚龙奎  杨义菊  夏平 《海洋湖沼通报》2010,(1)

对国内外已经建立的几种生物硅的测定方法进行简要的评述,并详细地对内湾沉积物中生物硅化学提取法的条件选取进行实验探讨,对低生物硅含量的内湾沉积物测定提出了较优的条件。  相似文献   

古环境研究中深海沉积物粒度测试的预处理方法   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

谢昕  郑洪波  陈国成  梅西 《沉积学报》2007,25(5):684-692

对深海沉积物样品进行粒度测试前,应根据研究目的,在预处理过程中有效去除碳酸盐和生物硅,同时完好保留陆源碎屑组分,才能使测试结果准确反映古气候和古环境变化。对采于南海的样品分别加入不同剂量浓度为10％的盐酸或浓度为25％的醋酸,以及不同剂量的NaOH或Na2CO3,同时利用有机元素分析仪、硅钼蓝比色法、环境扫描电子显微镜分析、观察不同方法的预处理效果,并结合粒度测试的结果认为,对于碳酸盐,盐酸和醋酸均可将其有效去除,但由于少量盐酸仍会对陆源矿物组分造成破坏,因此应使用酸性较弱的醋酸;对于生物硅,大剂量的Na2CO3仍难将其有效去除,而使用小剂量的NaOH即可去除干净,但需控制剂量以避免破坏矿物组分。针对南海沉积物中的各种生物组分含量,确定了醋酸和NaOH的使用剂量并建立了预处理流程。  相似文献   

南海南部表层沉积物中生物硅的分布及其环境意义     

张兰兰  陈木宏  向荣  陆钧  张丽丽 《海洋通报(英文版)》2009,11(1):43-52

对南海南部25个表层沉积样进行了生物硅的测定分析，试图揭示南海南部表层沉积生物硅的分布及其对现代海洋环境的指示意义，以便为古海洋学研究提供进一步的科学依据。研究发现，表层沉积物中生物硅含量与其所处水深呈显著正相关关系，相关系数达到0．782。陆架浅水区表层沉积物中生物硅含量非常低，不能反映表层水体中硅质生物生产力情况，这可能与沉积类型和陆源物质输入影响有关。深水区表层沉积物中生物硅的含量分布表明，其不仅能反映出表层水体中硅质生物的古生产力水平，而且还能指示上升流的强弱，从而进一步证实了利用沉积物中生物硅含量来追踪上升流发育和变化的有效性与可信度。研究结果还显示，在研究区域中北部表层沉积生物硅中放射虫和海绵骨针较硅藻占有更大的比重，这可能是由于硅藻易被溶解并易被其他生物体摄食的缘故。在有上升流发育的海域，放射虫、硅藻和海绵骨针基本上均表现出较高的丰度，这与高的生物硅含量相一致。  相似文献   

南海北部一百万年以来的表层古生产力变化：来自ODP1144站的蛋白石记录   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

李建  王汝建 《地质学报》2004,78(2):228-233

通过南海北部ODP 1144站蛋白石含量测定及其堆积速率的计算,并结合氧同位素记录等相关资料,获得南海北部1050ka以来高分辨率的表层古生产力变化与冰期旋回和东亚季风的关系。约900ka以来,蛋白石含量及其堆积速率较900ka以前明显增加,反映了“中更新世革命”事件之后,全球气候变冷,并导致表层生产力的提高。由于第四纪冰期旋回中的冬、夏季风的加强,加上1144站特殊的地理位置,使该站在冰期时表层生产力增加,间冰期时表层生产力降低。浮游有孔虫氧同位素记录与蛋白石含量及其堆积速率的时间序列频谱分析结果显示,三者均出现了相对应的偏心率周期、斜率周期和岁差周期,说明该站表层生产力的变化主要受地球轨道周期的驱动。  相似文献   

A late Pliocene diatom Ge/Si record from the Southeast Atlantic   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hui-Ling Lin  Chiau-Ju Chen 《Marine Geology》2002,180(1-4):151-161

As a result of both culture and sediment core studies, the ratio of germanium (Ge) to silicon (Si) in diatom shells has been proposed as a proxy for monitoring whole-ocean changes in seawater Ge/Si, a ratio affected by changes in continental weathering. However, because of the difficulties of extracting and cleaning diatom frustules from deep-sea sediments, only samples from highly pure diatom oozes in the Antarctic region have been previously analyzed. Here we present data on diatom Ge/Si ratios, (Ge/Si)_opal, for the time interval between 3.1 and 1.9 Ma from a mid-latitude, coastal upwelling area where significant terrigenous sediment input complicated the sample processing and analyses. In general, our (Ge/Si)_opal values show the same decreasing trend after 2.6 Ma than previously measured in Antarctic sediments (Shemesh et al., 1989. Paleoceanography 4, 221–231), but with a noisier background that may reflect the local imprint of proximal continental input superimposed upon global changes in the ocean reservoir. The time of initiation of large-scale North Hemisphere glaciation at 2.6 Ma is characterized by a declining pattern of diatom Ge/Si ratios, which could have resulted from a global increase in the input of riverine Si due to enhanced silica weathering and/or equatorward (northward) intrusions of subantarctic waters enriched in silica. High (Ge/Si)_opal ratios are associated with high opal contents from the same sediment samples and with warm climate as indicated by depleted benthic foraminiferal δ¹⁸O values from the North and Equatorial Atlantic. Cold periods signified by enriched benthic δ¹⁸O values, on the contrary, are associated with lower (Ge/Si)_opal ratios. We interpret diatom Ge/Si values to reflect the prevailing weathering state on the continents, with greater chemical weathering during warm and wet periods of the Pliocene and less during cooler and drier intervals.  相似文献   

70年来中国化学海洋学研究的主要进展   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

宋金明  王启栋  张润  陈建芳  陈敏  徐忠胜 《海洋学报》2019,41(10):65-80

我国的海洋化学工作者通过70年来，特别是近30年来的化学海洋学研究，实现了我国与世界先进水平进入同步发展的快车道，其显著的特点是:(1)化学海洋学研究从元素地球化学分布系统转向了以揭示深层次海洋生物地球化学过程为核心的研究；(2)化学海洋学研究实现了多领域、多视点的综合交叉研究；(3)更加关注了人为影响与自然变化共同作用下的海洋生态环境变化研究，对近海和海岸带而言，更加注重从海陆统筹一体化角度探析化学物质的分布迁移特征。本文从生源要素的海洋生物地球化学过程、微/痕量元素与同位素的海洋化学研究、生物过程作用下的化学海洋学过程等角度，重点总结归纳和分析了30年来我国海洋化学研究的重要进展和发展状况，以期对化学海洋学的进一步研究提供借鉴和启迪。  相似文献   

Bathymetry,substrate and fishing areas of Southeast Atlantic high-seas seamounts   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OA Bergstad  ÅS Høines  R Sarralde  G Campanis  M Gil  F Ramil 《African Journal of Marine Science》2019,41(1):11-28

Most of the Southeast Atlantic Ocean is abyssal, and global bathymetries suggest that only ～3.2% of the areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ; also known as the high seas, as defined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea [UNCLOS]) are shallower than 2 500 m. This study mapped bathymetry and characterised substrates in selected seamount summit areas, including several that have been or may become fishing areas. The southernmost location, the Schmitt-Ott Seamount, has exposed volcanic bedrock with surrounding flats covered by thin biogenic sediments and/or coral rubble that appears ancient. At Wüst, Vema, Valdivia and Ewing seamounts the basaltic base appears to be overlain by coral caps and other coral substrates (sheets, rubble). Adjacent summit plains have biogenic sediments of varying thickness. Vema has a flat, roughly circular summit, <100 m deep, with the shallowest point being a 22-m-deep summit knoll; the upper slopes have ancient coral framework, but the summit has a mixture of coralline and volcanic rock and coarse sediments, including extensive areas with coralline algae and kelp forests. Valdivia Bank is a 230-m-deep, flat, rocky area (～11 × 5 km), protruding steeply from the extensive multi-summit Valdivia subarea of the Walvis Ridge. The distribution of past fisheries in the Convention Area of the South East Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (SEAFO) was considered in relation to the new information on bathymetry and substrate.  相似文献